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In the temple city of Madurai, the Chitterai Thiruvizha is celebrated in the Meenakshi Temple. Home entrances are decorated elaborately with colored rice powder. According to the Tamil tradition, this festive tray is auspicious as the first sight upon waking on the new year day. This is similar to the Vishu new year festival ceremonial tray in Kerala. On the eve of Puthandu, a tray arranged with three fruits (mango, banana and jack fruit), betel leaves and arecanut, gold/silver jewellery, coins/money, flowers and a mirror. In some parts of Southern Tamil Nadu, the festival is called Chittirai Vishu. This is the month of Chittirai, the first month of the Tamil solar calendar, and Puthandu typically falls on 14 April. Tamil people celebrate Puthandu, also called Puthuvarusham, as the traditional "Tamil/Hindu New Year", states Peter Reeves. There were subsequent inscriptional references in Pagan, Burma dated to the 11th century CE and in Sukhothai, Thailand dated to the 14th century CE to South Indian, often Vaishnavite, courtiers who were tasked with defining the traditional calendar that began in mid-April. Adiyarkunalaar, an early medieval commentator or Urai-asiriyar mentions the twelve months of the Tamil calendar with particular reference to Chitterai. The Manimekalai alludes to the Hindu solar calendar as we know it today. The Silappadikaaram mentions the 12 Raasis or zodiac signs starting with Mesha/Chitterai. The Tolkaapiyam is the oldest surviving Tamil grammar that divides the year into six seasons where Chitterai marks the start of the Ilavenil season or summer. Kūdalūr Kizhaar refers to Mesha Raasi/Chitterai as the commencement of the year in the Puṟanāṉūṟu. Nakkirar, Sangam period author of the Neṭunalvāṭai, wrote that the sun travels from Mesha/Chitterai through 11 successive signs of the zodiac. There are several references in early Tamil literature to the April new year. Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka also celebrate the same day as their new year, likely an influence of the shared culture between South and Southeast Asia in the 1st millennium CE. The same date is observed as the traditional new year in Assam, West Bengal, Kerala, Tripura, Bihar, Odisha, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, as well as in Nepal and Bangladesh. The day celebrates on the first day of the traditional Tamil calendar and is a public holiday in both Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. The Tamil New Year follows the spring equinox and generally falls on 14 April of the Gregorian year.
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Ī traditional arrangement of festive foods for Puthandu. Puthandu is also celebrated by Tamil Hindus outside Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, such as in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Reunion, Mauritius and other countries with Tamil diaspora. People wear new clothes and children go to elders to pay their respects and seek their blessings, then the family sits down to a vegetarian feast. Households clean up the house, prepare a tray with fruits, flowers and auspicious items, light up the family puja altar and visit their local temples. The same day is observed elsewhere in South and South East Asia as the traditional new year, but is known by other names such as Vishu in Kerala, and Vaisakhi or Baisakhi in central and northern India. It falls on or about 14 April every year on the Gregorian calendar. The festival date is set with the solar cycle of the lunisolar Hindu calendar, as the first day of the Tamil month Chithirai. Puthandu ( Tamil: தமிழ்ப்புத்தாண்டு), also known as Puthuvarudam or Tamil New Year, is the first day of year on the Tamil calendar and traditionally celebrated as a festival.
KAMASUTRA TAMIL ONEINDIA ISO
Tamil text used in this article is transliterated into the Latin script according to the ISO 15919 standard.
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Tamils in India, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Reunion, Malaysia, Singapore įeasting, gift-giving, visiting homes and templesįirst day of Chithirai in the Tamil calendar